Why Jaipur is the Pink City ?

Histroy of Jaipur

Jaipur was founded on 18 November 1727 by Jai Singh II, a Rajput chieftain of the Kachchwaha dynasty, who ruled the region from 1699 to 1743. He planned to establish his capital at a distance of 11 km from the city of Jaipur, keeping in mind the huge population and the scarcity of water. Jai Singh consulted many architects while planning the layout of Jaipur and laid out the city on the principles of Vastu Shastra and Shilpa Shastra under the architectural guidance of Vidyadhar Bhattacharya. The construction of the city began in 1726. During the rule of Sawai Ram Singh II, the city was painted pink in 1876 as a gift from Prince of Wales Albert Edward. Many avenues are still painted in pink, giving Jaipur a distinctive look and the name of the Pink City. The city grew rapidly in the 19th century, and in 1900 its population was 160,000. The boulevards were paved and its main industry was marble work in metalworking, which led to the establishment of the Art School in 1868. Large areas of the city, including the airport, were flooded by rain following a cloudburst, resulting in the deaths of eight people and causing severe damage to the city's Dravyavati river. On 6 July 2019, the city was added to the list of World Heritage Sites.

Famous Place in Jaipur

Hawa Mahal
The City Palace
Nahargarh Fort
Jantar Mantar
Amber Palace
Albert Hall Museum
Jal Mahal
Jaigarh Fort
Birla Mandir, Jaipur
Rambagh Palace, Jaipur
Patrika Gate
Shri Khole Ke Hanuman Ji Temple, Jaipur
Sisodia Rani ka Bagh
Raj Mandir Cinema
Galta Ji Temple
Ramniwas Bagh
THIKANA MANDIR SRI GOVINDDEVJI , JAIPUR
JAWAHAR KALA KENDRA

1. Hawa Mahal

Hawa Mahal is a palace located in the city of Jaipur in Rajasthan, India. Built of red and pink baobab stone, this palace is situated on the edge of the City Palace of Jaipur and the palace extends up to the women's chambers. Maharaja Sawai Pratap Singh built it in 1799. The Hawa Mahal is considered unique because it has many small windows and a Bal Kanya which looks like an umbrella. This structure was built in 1799 by Maharaja Sawai Pratap Singh, who was the grandson of Sawai Jai Singh, the founder of Jhunjhunu city of Rajasthan state. The Khichri Mahal became so famous for its unique structure that he built this grand and historical palace. It was designed by Lal Chand Ustad. Its five-story exterior is like a sacchhata with 953 small windows called jharokha and intricate latticed work. The latticed design was aimed at allowing the royal women to view the daily life and festivals celebrated on the street below without being seen. This Vastu Shilpa also allowed cool air to pass through without any harsh effects, making the entire area more pleasant during high temperatures in summer. Many people see the Hawa Mahal from the street view and think that this is the front of the palace but this is the back. In 2006, renovation works on the Mahal were undertaken, after a gap of 50 years, to give a facelift to the monument at an estimated cost of Rs 4.568 million. The corporate sector lent a hand to preserve the historical monuments of Jaipur and the Unit Trust of India has adopted Hawa Mahal to maintain it. The palace is an extended part of a huge complex. The stone-carved screens, small casements, and arched roofs are some of the features of this popular tourist spot. The monument also has delicately modelled hanging cornices.

2. The City Palace

The palace complex is located in the middle of Jaipur city at 269° 245° north 75° 2 36° east, to the north east of the centre of the city. The site of Andheri was located 5 miles south of Amber. It was the site of a royal hunting lodge on a hilly ground that fell from a rocky hill range. The history of the City Palace is closely linked with the history of the city of Jaipur and its rulers. The formation of the city started with Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II, who ruled from 1699 to 1744. He is credited with initiating the construction of the city complex by building the outer wall of the complex around 100 acres. Initially, he ruled from his capital, Amber, which is located 11 km from Jaipur. He planned the city of Jaipur on the basis of the principles of Vastu Shastra and thus another classical treatise, in blocks separated by wide roads under the guidance of a Bengali architect Vidyadhar Bhattacharya from the rural areas of present-day West Bengal, who was initially an accounting clerk in the Amber Palace and was later promoted to the post of chief architect by the king. After the death of Jai Singh in 1744, there were internal wars between the Rajput kings of the region. But the Rajputs maintained relations with the British. Maharajah Ram Singh sided with the British in the Sepoy Mutiny or Revolt of 1857 and established himself with the royal family. It is due to him that the city of Jaipur and all its monuments were painted pink and since then the city is called the Pink City. This change in the colour scheme was done as a mark of respect to the guests of the Prince of Wales who later became King Edward VII during his visit. The colour scheme has since become the identity of the city of Jaipur. Man Singh II, the adopted son of Maharaja Madhav Singh II, was the last Maharaja of Jaipur to rule from the Chandra Mahal palace in Jaipur. The palace continued to be the residence of the royal family along with other Rajputs of Jodhpur, Jaisalmer and Bikaner even after the merger of Jaipur State into the Indian Union in 1949 after Indian independence in August 1947. Jaipur, the capital of Indian Rajasthan, had the honour of being the head of state for some time and later became the Governor of India.

3. Nahargarh Fort

It is unknown when Raja Jai Singh started manufacturing in Jaipur but instruments were made somewhere by 1728 and the manufacture of instruments in Jaipur continued until 1738. During 1735 when construction was at its peak there were at least 23 astronomers working in Jaipur and due to the changing political climate Jaipur replaced Delhi as Raja Jai Singh's main observatory and remained Jai Singh's central observatory until his death in 1734. Under Ishwari Singh's reign 1743-1750 the observatory lost support due to the Succession War between him and his brother. Ishwari Singh's successor Madhav Singh supported the observatory from 1770-1750 to 1768. However it did not see the same level of activity under Jai Singh. Under Pratap Singh's reign 1778-1803 some work was done at Jantar Mantar but activity at the observatory again decreased. During this period a temple was built and Pratap Singh converted the site of the observatory into a gun factory. Ram Singh (r. 1835–1880) completed restoring the Jantar Mantar in 1876, and even made some of the instruments more durable by inserting lead into the instruments' lines and using stone to restore some of the plaster instruments. However, the observatory soon became neglected again, and was not restored until 1901 under Madho Singh II (r. 1880–1922)

4. Amber Palace

Amer was a Mina state ruled by the Sushavat dynasty. Kakil Dev after defeating the Sushavats made the capital of Amer Dhundhar after Khoh. Kakil Dev was the son of Dhulerai. In the early period Jaipur states were also known as Amar Dhundhar and were controlled by five different tribes under the Bargujar Rajput king of Deoli. Later a Kachchwaha prince Dulha Rai destroyed the sovereignty of the Mina and also defeated the Bar Gujars of Deoli and brought Dhundhar completely under Kachchwaha rule. The Amer Fort was originally built by Raja Man Singh and expanded by Jai Singh I in the 1600s. Over the next 150 years, the Kachchwahas made frequent improvements and changes to the regime until the Kachchwahas shifted their capital to Jaipur in 1727 during the time of Sawai Jai Singh II. In the medieval period, Amer was known as Dhundar (meaning attributed to a sacrificial mount in the western frontiers) and ruled by the Kachwahas from the 11th century onwards – between 1037 and 1727 AD, until the capital was moved from Amer to Jaipur. The history of Amer is indelibly linked to these rulers as they founded their empire at Amer.

5. Albert Hall Museum

The building was designed by Samuel Swinton Jacob, assisted by Amir Tujheel Husain, and opened in 1887 as the Suraj Jain Museum. Maharaja Ram Singh initially wanted the building to be the town hall, but his successor, Madhav Singh II, decided that it should be a museum for Jaipur's art and should be part of the Ram Niwas Gardens. It is named after King Edward VII, whose foundation stone was laid on 6 February 1876 during his visit to the city as Prince of Wales. The museum's founders collected the best examples of art from around the world and occasionally lost some pieces to the public. Colonel Tom Handley was given the responsibility of accumulating the collection. The Maharaja and Handley were helped to make their friendship a reality by a young engineer, Samuel Swinton, who headed the Public Works Department. Handley's careful analysis of the collected objects is a key to our understanding and remains an important source material even today. Albert Hall Museum grew out of an industrial crafts collection that Hendley had put together for the grand Jaipur Exhibition of 1883. The precious collection was housed in the magnificent building called Albert Hall. Hendley introduced the appointment of guides and demonstrators to conduct informed tours, a pioneering inititaive that was adopted by museums worldwide. Rajasthan was under princely rule and the practice of purdah (veil) for women was widespread in the region. In this context, every Friday was reserved for women visitors. For many such innovative museum practices, Albert Hall became famous and many of its features were highly appreciated even in the West but the major attraction of the museum remain its exhaustive collection of industrial art and other exquisite pieces. The collections owe much to the vision, inspiration, and efforts of Maharaja Sawai Ram Singh II and Maharaja Sawai Madho Singh II, and to Hendley and Jacob.

6. Jal Mahal

Jal Mahal (meaning "Water Palace") is a palace in the middle of the Man Sagar Lake in Jaipur city, the capital of the state of Rajasthan, India. The palace was originally constructed around 1699; the building and the lake around it were later renovated and enlarged in the early 18th century by Maharaja Jai Singh II of Amber.

7. Jaigarh Fort

Amir was known in ancient and medieval times as dhundhr meaning a place of sacrifice on the western border which was ruled by the Meenas before the 10th century what is today known as Jaigarh Fort is actually a main construction rather than a palace the two structures are connected by several forts and were established by the Kachchwahas since the 19th century the history of Amir and Jaigarh is inextricably linked with these forces since they established their empire in Amir. aigarh Fort, located 150 km south-west of Delhi, was built during the reign of the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan. The fort became one of the most efficient topiary in the world, primarily due to the abundance of iron ore mines in the vicinity. The topiary was a giant wind tunnel for the foundry that drew air from the high mountains into its wick, which produced temperatures of up to 2400 F. The hot air melted the metal. The molten metal filled a chamber and was poured into the topiary mould in the casting pit. Most of the topiaries were huge, often 16 feet long, and had to be made in a single day. The Rajputs also built a large ingenious mechanical device. When the War of Mughal Succession broke out in 1658, Jai Singh II protected the topiary of the Jaigarh Fort until he was defeated and killed by his younger brother Aurangzeb. Later, Mughal emperor Mehboob Shah appointed Jai Singh II as the Mughal Khiladhar of the Jaigarh Fort by a decree. Eventually, Jai Singh II is known for casting great Jai Vans using important foundries and equipment inside the Jaigarh Fort.

8. Birla Mandir, Jaipur

Tradition states that a Maharaja sold the Birla family the land for the temple for one rupee. Construction began in 1977 under the direction Ramanauj Das and Ghanshyam Birla.[8] It opened on February 22, 1988.

9. Rambagh Palace, Jaipur

The first building on the site was a garden house built in 1835 for the wet nurse of prince Ram Singh II. In 1887, during the reign of Maharaja Thakur Sawai Madho Singh, it was converted into a modest royal hunting lodge, as the house was located in the midst of a thick forest at that time. In the early 20th century, it was expanded into a palace to the designs of Sir Samuel Swinton Jacob. Maharajah Sawai Man Singh II made Rambagh his principal residence and added a number of royal suites in 1931.

10. Patrika Gate

11. Sisodia Rani ka Bagh

Sisodia Rani Garden and Palace is a palace garden located 6 kilometers away from the city of Jaipur in the Indian state of Rajasthan. It was built in 1728 by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II. The place has multi-storey gardens with water pools and painted pavilions. A two-storey palace is built on the topmost terrace of the garden. The palace has many gallery pavilions and opposite paintings depicting scenes from the life of Lord Krishna. The palace is located on the Jaipur Agra Highway. The palace garden is named Sisodia Rani Garden and Palace after the queen for whom it was built. She belonged to the Sisodia dynasty of the Suryavanshi Rajputs who ruled the Mewar region of Rajasthan and now rule in name only.

12. Raj Mandir Cinema

Originally the brainchild of Mehtab Chandra Golcha, it opened on 1 June 1976 with the film Charas. It was designed by architect Dolby M.Naman Joshi in the 8th Modern style. Known for its large size as well as its grand and luxurious interiors, the Raj Mandir remains an important part of the tourist circuit and is thus usually full despite its size. The Rajmal Suvarna Group, a leading jewellery house in Jaipur, owns and operates the cinema. The nine stars on the exterior symbolize the nine rattans in the Navratna style which is a tribute to the owners' jewellery house. The film Hum Aapke Hain Kaun ran for 75 weeks in the theatre. Other films that ran for over 100 days in the theatre include Naseeb, Sharabi, Avtaar, Maine Pyar Kiya, Beta and others.

13. Galta Ji Temple

Galtaji Temple is situated within a mountain pass in the Aravalli Hills. Since the beginning of the 15th century, it has been a refuge for members of the Ramanand sect of Shri Ramanand. It is said that the site was a place of pilgrimage for a long time and Ramanandi saint Pio Hari Krishna Das Pio arrived in Galtaji in the beginning of the 15th century and became the head of the Galta Gati, replacing the earlier Yogis. Galta became an important centre of the Ramanand sect and the first Vaishnav saint of North India, Shri Krishna Das Pio Hari. The fame of the Ramanandi saint Shri Krishna Das Pio Hari of Galta Dham spread far and wide and he brought Shri Bhagwan Ji from Punjab to join the Ramanandi Vaishnav sect. Shri Bhagwan Ji later established the Ramanandik Kendra at Pandori Dham in Gurdaspur, Punjab. The temple also has a shrine of Goswami Nabhadas Ji, a renowned Ramanandi saint who met Tulsidas, author of the Ramcharitmanas, at Janta Dham.

14. Ramniwas Bagh

The historical garden is located in the heart of the city and covers an area of 33 acres (130,000 m2), and was built by Maharaja Sawai Ram Singh in 1868. Within the garden which originally spread over 76 acres (310,000 m2) in early 20th century is the Albert Hall Museum (now known as Central Museum), named after King Edward VII (Albert Edward), during whose visit to the city as the Prince of Wales, its foundation stone was laid on 6 February 1876. Apart from that it also has a bird park, the Zoo, Ravindra Rang Manch Theatre, art gallery, exhibition ground, gymnasium and several cafes and picnic spots are housed in the garden.

15. Thikana Mandir Sri Govinddevji , Jaipur

The idol of Govind Dev Ji is traditionally believed to have been created by Brijnab, the great-grandson of Krishna. According to legend, Brijnab made three images of Krishna: one representing his feet, one his chest and one his face. The first image is known as Lord Madan Mohan Ji. The second image is called Gopinath Ji and the third image is popularly known as Govind Dev Ji. The temple is historically significant as the site where Baladeva Vidyabhushana, an important philosopher of the Gaudiya Vaishnavism tradition, composed the Govinda Bhashya, a commentary on the Brahma Sutras, after receiving guidance in a dream from the deity Govind Dev Ji

16. Jawahar Kala Kendra

Jawahar Kala Kendra was built to resemble a red fort, with no windows on its facade. The design was prepared by the architect Charles Correa in 1986 and the building was ready in 1992. The plan is inspired by the original city plan of Jaipur, consisting of nine squares with a central square left open. The Jawahar Kala Kendra adapts and applies concepts from ancient architectural principles called the Vastu Vidya. The architecture of Jawahar Kala Kendra follows the Indian classical principle Vastu Purush Mandala. In this style, the plan of the building is conceived as a model of the Cosmos. The specific Mandala invoked in Jawahar Kala Kendra is the Navagraha. The plan consists of nine squares, each representing a planet, including two imaginary ones, Rahu and Ketu. The centre is an analogue of the original city plan of Jaipur, drawn up by Maharaja Jai Singh II, a scholar, mathematician, and astronomer, in the mid-17th century. His city plan, guided by the Shilpa Shastras, was based on the ancient Vedic mandala. Due to the presence of a hill, one of the squares was transposed to the east, and two squares were amalgamated to house the palace. Maharaja Jai Singh had one of the squares moved due to the presence of a hill in his design of the Jaipur city plan. Correa invoked the original mandala while innovatively using one square as the main entrance.

17. Shri Khole Ke Hanuman Ji Temple, Jaipur

In the 60s, Pandit Radhe Lal Choubey found a huge idol of Hanuman at this place and he started worshiping here. In 1961, He established Narwar Ashram Seva Samiti for the development of the temple. When this place was uninhabited, rain water used to flow here from the mountains. That is why the temple was named as Khole Ke Hanuman Ji.

18. Jantar Mantar

Exactly when Raja Jai Singh began construction in Jaipur is unknown, but several instruments had been built by 1728, and the construction of the instruments in Jaipur continued until 1738. During 1735, when construction was at its peak, at least 23 astronomers were employed in Jaipur, and due to the changing political climate, Jaipur replaced Delhi as Raja Jai Singh's main observatory and remained Jai Singh's central observatory until his death in 1743. The observatory lost support under Isvari Singh (r.1743-1750) because of a succession war between him and his brother. However, Mado Singh (r. 1750–1768), Isvari Singh's successor, supported the observatory, although it did not see the same level of activity as under Jai Singh. Although some restorations were made to the Jantar Mantar under Pratap Singh (r.1778-1803), activity at the observatory died down again. During this time, a temple was constructed and Pratap Singh turned the site of the observatory into a gun factory.

Ram Singh (r. 1835–1880) completed restoring the Jantar Mantar in 1876, and even made some of the instruments more durable by inserting lead into the instruments' lines and using stone to restore some of the plaster instruments. However, the observatory soon became neglected again, and was not restored until 1901 under Madho Singh II (r. 1880–1922)

Famous Food in Jaipur

Ghewar
Pyaaz Kachori
Dal Baati Churma
Mirchi Bada

Famous University in Jaipur

Maharishi Arvind University
Bhartiya Skill Development University
University Of Rajasthan.
Jecrc University
Manipal University
Maharani College
Jaipur National University
Poornima University

Famous Garden in Jaipur

Nehru Bal Udyan
Jai Niwas Garden
Kanak Ghati Garden
Nehru Garden
Peacock Garden

Famous Temple in Jaipur

Birla Mandir, Jaipur
THIKANA MANDIR SRI GOVINDDEVJI , JAIPUR
Shri Khole Ke Hanuman Ji Temple, Jaipur
Galta Ji Temple