What is Diwali? how is it celebrated? Story, history & importance

Diwali, also known as Deepavali, is one of the most celebrated and significant festivals in India and among Indian communities around the world. This grand festival, often referred to as the "Festival of Lights," carries profound cultural, religious, and historical significance. Spanning five days of festivities, Diwali is a time of joy, togetherness, and reflection. In this comprehensive article, we will explore the story, history, significance, and the diverse ways in which Diwali is celebrated.

The Story of Diwali

Diwali has several mythological and historical stories associated with it, the most famous of which is the return of Lord Rama to Ayodhya. According to the epic Ramayana, Lord Rama, along with his wife Sita and loyal brother Lakshmana, was exiled from his kingdom for 14 years. During this exile, Rama defeated the demon king Ravana and rescued Sita. His return to Ayodhya after this triumph is celebrated as Diwali, symbolizing the victory of light over darkness.

Another legend associated with Diwali is the story of Lord Krishna defeating the demon Narakasura. In this tale, Krishna rescues 16,000 captive princesses and brings light back into their lives. His victory is celebrated with great enthusiasm during Diwali.

Historical Significance of Diwali

Diwali, the festival of lights, has great historical importance, tying together India's unique cultural and religious fabric. While the festival's origins are steeped in Hindu mythology, historical records reveal its worldwide popularity and significance.

One of the first historical allusions to Diwali may be found in Emperor Ashoka's edicts, which ruled India in the third century BCE. During the event, Ashoka, a devout Buddhist, lighted his city, Pataliputra. This deed represented the emperor's devotion to peace and nonviolence, as well as the secular aspect of the Diwali festival.

Diwali has historically transcended religious borders and has been celebrated by numerous groups and faiths throughout India. Diwali commemorates Lord Mahavira's achievement of nirvana for Jains, whereas Bandi Chhor Divas commemorates Guru Hargobind Ji's escape from incarceration for Sikhs.

The event is also significant in a variety of regional contexts. Diwali is inextricably related to Lord Krishna's victory over the demon Narakasura in South India. These geographical differences highlight the festival's versatility and representation of local historical events.

The historical significance of Diwali reflects its everlasting relevance—a celebration of light, goodwill, and togetherness that spans historical epochs, making it a valued cultural heritage for India and the globe.

The Significance of Diwali: Illuminating Lives with Joy and Prosperity

Diwali, also known as the Festival of Lights, holds immense significance in the hearts of millions around the world. Beyond its vibrant celebrations, Diwali embodies profound meanings that resonate with the human spirit.

At its core, Diwali signifies the triumph of light over darkness and good over evil. It symbolizes the victory of knowledge over ignorance, encouraging individuals to dispel the darkness within and embrace the light of wisdom and understanding. This metaphorical illumination fosters inner peace and spiritual enlightenment.

Diwali is a time for family and friends to come together, strengthening bonds and spreading love and warmth. It encourages forgiveness and letting go of past grievances, promoting harmony and unity in society. The act of cleaning and decorating homes signifies the cleansing of the soul and inviting positive energies.

The festival also has economic significance, especially for businesses. It marks the beginning of the financial year in Hindu tradition and is considered an auspicious time to start new ventures or make significant purchases. Many people celebrate Diwali by buying new clothes, jewelry, and other items, stimulating economic activity.

In essence, Diwali transcends religious boundaries, uniting people from various cultures and beliefs under the umbrella of joy and hope. It teaches the values of compassion, generosity, and gratitude, encouraging individuals to share their blessings with the less fortunate.

As the diyas (oil lamps) illuminate homes, streets, and hearts during Diwali, they serve as a reminder that even in the darkest times, there is always a glimmer of hope. Diwali, with its multifaceted significance, continues to inspire, bringing light and happiness into the lives of millions worldwide.

Diwali Celebrations Worldwide

Diwali is not limited to India. It is celebrated by Indian communities around the world. In countries like Nepal, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, and Singapore, Diwali is a public holiday. The United Kingdom, the United States, and Canada also witness grand Diwali celebrations in cities with significant Indian populations. The festival has transcended borders and cultures, becoming a symbol of unity and multiculturalism.

Diwali, also known as Deepavali, is more than just a festival; it's a global celebration that transcends boundaries and brings people of various cultures together. While it has its roots in India, Diwali is now celebrated with enthusiasm and zeal by millions of people worldwide. Let's explore how this Festival of Lights is observed in different parts of the world.

1. India: The Epicenter of Diwali

In India, Diwali is a grand affair, celebrated across the nation with unparalleled vibrancy. Homes are adorned with oil lamps, colorful rangoli (artistic patterns created on the ground), and strings of lights. People visit temples, exchange gifts, and savor a variety of sweets and snacks. Fireworks light up the night sky, and the air is filled with the sounds of joyous celebrations. Each region in India adds its unique cultural touch to the festival.

2. Nepal: Tihar Festival

In Nepal, the five-day Tihar festival coincides with Diwali. Here, each day is dedicated to honoring different animals like crows, dogs, cows, and oxen. The final day, Bhai Tika, celebrates the bond between brothers and sisters, similar to the Indian tradition of Raksha Bandhan. Homes are beautifully decorated with oil lamps and rangoli.

3. Sri Lanka: A Multicultural Celebration

Sri Lanka's diverse population, including Sinhalese Buddhists, Tamil Hindus, and Christians, comes together to celebrate Diwali. The festival is marked by lighting lamps, feasting on traditional sweets, and visiting temples. The lighting of coconut oil lamps, or 'aluth awurudu,' is a special feature of Diwali in Sri Lanka.

4. Trinidad and Tobago: A Cultural Fusion

In this Caribbean nation, where a significant Indo-Trinidadian and Tobagonian population resides, Diwali is a public holiday. It's celebrated with grand processions, cultural performances, and lighting of deyas (oil lamps). The celebrations here beautifully showcase the blending of Indian and Caribbean cultures.

5. United States: An Inclusive Celebration

Diwali has gained popularity in the United States, where the Indian diaspora is significant. The White House annually hosts a Diwali celebration, and various cities across the country hold public events. These celebrations include cultural performances, traditional food, and the symbolic lighting of lamps.

6. United Kingdom: The Grand Diwali on Trafalgar Square

In the UK, the Diwali in London festival is a massive event held on Trafalgar Square. It attracts thousands of people with its lively music, dance, and food stalls. The mayor of London participates in lighting the lamp, making it a significant celebration.

7. Australia: A Multicultural Festival

Australia, with its diverse population, sees Diwali celebrations in various cities. The Sydney Diwali Festival is one of the largest, featuring cultural performances, food stalls, and a spectacular fireworks display.

Diwali, with its message of the triumph of light over darkness and good over evil, has truly become a global festival of unity, diversity, and joy. As it continues to spread its warmth and radiance, it serves as a reminder of the power of cultural exchange and harmony.

Conclusion

Diwali is a festival that transcends time and borders. Its significance goes beyond religion, encompassing themes of light, knowledge, family, and prosperity. It serves as a reminder that good will always triumph over evil and that the light of hope will dispel the darkness of despair. As people come together to celebrate this joyous festival, they are reminded of the values that bind humanity—love, unity, and the pursuit of a brighter future. Diwali truly is a celebration of light, joy, and togetherness, a timeless tradition that continues to inspire and illuminate hearts around the world.